How would you answer an interview scenario involving Azure Monitor and Application Insights in Microsoft Azure?

For an interview scenario involving Azure Monitor and Application Insights, I would first clarify the business goal, scale, constraints, and the failure or quality attribute the interviewer wants to explore. Azure Monitor and Application Insights collect metrics, logs, traces, dependencies, and application telemetry. In this scenario, for an intermittent API latency problem, explain how you would use metrics, traces, dependency telemetry, logs, and alerting to identify the bottleneck. For production, define SLIs, structured logs, distributed tracing, actionable alerts, retention rules, dashboards, and correlation across frontend, API, queues, and databases. I would then explain the main alternatives and tradeoffs, identify likely failure modes, and describe how I would validate the solution through testing, observability, security controls, and recovery or rollback planning.