How would you answer an interview scenario involving caching?

For an interview scenario involving caching, I would first clarify the business goal, scale, constraints, and the failure or quality attribute the interviewer wants to explore. Caching stores reusable data closer to consumers to reduce latency and pressure on slower systems. In this scenario, a product catalog is read constantly but prices can change every minute. Design the cache behavior. For production, choose cache-aside or another explicit pattern, define keys and TTLs, prevent stampedes, and measure hit ratio. I would then explain the main alternatives and tradeoffs, identify likely failure modes, and describe how I would validate the solution through testing, observability, security controls, and recovery or rollback planning.