How would you answer an interview scenario involving scalability?

For an interview scenario involving scalability, I would first clarify the business goal, scale, constraints, and the failure or quality attribute the interviewer wants to explore. Scalability is the ability of a system to handle increased load by using resources efficiently as demand grows. In this scenario, traffic is expected to grow from ten requests per second to ten thousand. Explain how you would identify scaling limits. For production, measure bottlenecks, design stateless tiers, partition where necessary, cache carefully, and load test end to end. I would then explain the main alternatives and tradeoffs, identify likely failure modes, and describe how I would validate the solution through testing, observability, security controls, and recovery or rollback planning.